NFATC
March 2010
Steve Phillips,
a.
Discussions of
b.
The island has always had a difficult relationship with the mainland. The "national question" is simply
the most recent context for this issue.
c.
Taiwanese are Han Chinese who moved from the mainland prior to 1945. But identities such as Taiwanese （臺灣人，阿海，本省人）, Hakka (Kejiaren， 客家人), aborigine, and mainlander （大陸人， 阿山，外省人） are often self-defined, and have become
blurred today.
1.
-
early contact with the mainland
-
aborigines 原住民, 山地同胞; 生番 = “raw” tribes; 熟番 = “cooked”/assimilated tribes
-
-
Ming/Qing transition
-
Zheng Chenggong 鄭成功; a.k.a. Koxinga 國姓爺
-
part of
-
ambivalence toward the mainland
2.
Japanese rule （日治時代）
-
Treaty of
-
economic development and exploitation
-
employment and education opportunities, and
discrimination
-
stability and a police state
-
-
movements for expanded autonomy
-
changing Taiwanese elite
3.
Retrocession
-
Nationalist government (國民政府) preparations, Cairo Conference
-
Chen Yi （陳儀）
-
conflicting expectations of Nationalist rule
-
economic problems, corruption, etc.
-
February 28 Incident （二二八事件，事變，慘案，屠殺）
- clash of
world views?
- failed policies
- poor
leadership
- systemic
versus situational factors
-
tragedy, incident, massacre, failed rebellion?
-
Chinese Communist Party (CCP—共產黨) tries to claim 2-28
4.
Nationalists (國民黨) build a police state
-
Kuomintang (KMT) in old romanization system, now often called GMD (Guomindang)
-
martial law and the White Terror （白色恐怖）
-
retreat and chaos
-
Korean War
-
reforms of the Nationalist Party, local political structure, and the military (中央改造委員會)
-
Nationalists promise to retake the mainland
（反共抗俄）
-
1954 mutual security treaty with the
-
5.
Economic success
-
rent reduction and land reform
-
Joint Committee on Rural Reconstruction
-
import substitution policies
-
-
rule of the technocrats
6.
1970s
-
Sino-American Rapprochement
-
UN debacle
-
oil crisis and trade conflict with the
-
death of Chiang Kai-shek (蔣介石)
-
Taiwanization （臺灣化）of the party, state, and economy
-
recognition of the PRC, end of the MST, and the Taiwan
Relations Act in 1979,
-
American Institute on Taiwan (美國在臺協會)
7.
Reform and rising opposition
-
independence movement in
-
Dangwai (黨外) and
the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP—民主進步黨)
-
Chiang Ching-kuo (蔣經國) and reform, 1975-1988
a. international pressure and fear of
isolation
b. need to build up domestic support after
international status
c. opposition pressure
d. need to reinvigorate the KMT
e. prepare for peaceful succession
f. did Jiang have a sense of mission for
democracy on
8.
Lee Teng-hui (李登輝),
1988-2000
-
One
-
Taiwanization of the Nationalists, including military, security, and
intelligence services
-
Cornell trip and PRC missile tests in the mid-1990s
-
cross Strait tensions by the late 1990s
-
growing Taiwanese identity?
-
competing visions of the nation and national identity
9.
Chen Shuibian （陳水扁）, 2000-2008
-
Pan Green victory (DPP and Taiwan Solidarity Union) over Pan Blue (KMT and
People First Party, 親民黨)
-
nation building efforts of the DPP in power
-
conflict between DPP and independence activists
-
constitutional reform and referenda
-
- corruption and comparisons to “old” Nationalist rule
10. Nationalist
resurgence in 2008—legislature and presidency
- Ma Ying-jeou
(Yingjiu, 馬英九) elected by
landslide
- Nationalists
also dominate the legislature
-
can economic problems be solved by improved cross Strait ties?
-
Chen under indictment
-
Olympics leads the PRC to take a soft line
11.
Will the good feelings of 2009 continue?
-
Ma’s declining popularity due to economic woes
-
concerns over treatment of Chen
-
mainland government’s expectations may be too high
-
recent KMT set-backs in local elections
-
Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (經濟合作架構協議)
stalls
China-Taiwan www.chinataiwan.org
New
China News Agency www.xinhua.org/english/index.htm
People’s
Daily english.peopledaily.com.cn
PLA
Daily english.pladaily.com.cn
China Leadership Monitor www.chinaleadershipmonitor.org/default.htm
China
Times news.chinatimes.com/mainpage.htm
United
Daily News udn.com/NEWS/mainpage_b.shtml
Liberty
Times www.libertytimes.com.tw
Taiwan
Security Research www.taiwansecurity.org
Strategic
Studies
Taiwan Perspectives www.tp.org.tw
Taipei Times www.taipeitimes.com/News
Policy Positions
Most of these resources have English and
Chinese language material.
American Institute on
(
Nationalist Party http://www.kmt.org.tw/e_index.html
(current ruling
party)
Democratic Progressive Party: http://www.dpp.org.tw/
(opposition
party)
E-government (
(links for
information on
Mainland Affairs Council http://www.mac.gov.tw/english/index1-e.htm
(body for
handling cross-Strait relations)
Representative
Office http://www.tecro.org/
(
Taiwan Solidarity Union http://www.tsu.org.tw/
(pro-independence,
allied with DPP)
TaiwanDC, a pro-independence group http://www.taiwandc.org/